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陈奇恩
《中国工程科学》 2002年 第4卷 第4期 页码 12-15
全面论述了塑料薄膜覆盖农业的研究与应用。地膜覆盖对我国传统覆盖技术产生重大突破,近20年以来,由于地膜覆盖的应用使我国农业产生了许多重大变革:扩大了适种区,调整了作物布局,提高了复种指数,促进了干旱、半干旱和盐碱地区的农业发展。地膜覆盖的增产机理是:提高土壤温度,保蓄土壤水分,稳定土壤环境,提高光、热利用效率和促进作物根系发育。提出了塑料薄膜覆盖的问题与展望。
Baoyuan Guo, Jiao Meng, Xinyu Wang, Chengnan Yin, Weiyu Hao, Baiwen Ma, Zhang Tao
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1181-9
关键词: Pesticides Plastic mulching film Soil QuEChERS Farmland
Meng DUAN, Jin XIE, Xiaomin MAO
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第2期 页码 144-161 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019258
Based on our previous work modeling crop growth (CropSPAC) and water and heat transfer in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC), the model was improved by considering the effect of plastic film mulching applied to field-grown maize in North-west China. In CropSPAC, a single layer canopy model and a multi-layer soil model were adopted to simulate the energy partition between the canopy and water and heat transfer in the soil, respectively. The maize growth module included photosynthesis, growth stage calculation, biomass accumulation, and participation. The CropSPAC model coupled the maize growth module and SPAC water and heat transfer module through leaf area index (LAI), plant height and soil moisture condition in the root zone. The LAI and plant height were calculated from the maize growth module and used as input for the SPAC water and heat transfer module, and the SPAC module output for soil water stress conditions used as an input for maize growth module. We used , the representation of evaporation resistance, instead of the commonly used evaporation resistance to reflect the change of latent heat flux of soil evaporation under film mulching as well as the induced change in energy partition. The model was tested in a maize field at Yingke irrigation area in North-west China. Results showed reasonable agreement between the simulations and measurements of LAI, above-ground biomass and soil water content. Compared with the original model, the modified model was more reliable for maize growth simulation under film mulching and showed better accuracy for the LAI (with the coefficient of determination = 0.92, the root mean square of error RMSE= 1.23, and the Nush-Suttclife efficiency E = 0.87), the above-ground biomass (with = 0.96, RMSE= 7.17 t·ha and E = 0.95) and the soil water content in 0–1 m soil layer (with = 0.78, RMSE= 49.44 mm and E = 0.26). Scenarios were considered to simulate the influence of future climate change and film mulching on crop growth, soil water and heat conditions, and crop yield. The simulations indicated that the change of LAI, leaf biomass and yield are negatively correlated with temperature change, but the growing degree-days, evaporation, soil water content and soil temperature are positively correlated with temperature change. With an increase in the ratio of film mulching area, the evaporation will decrease, while the impact of film mulching on crop transpiration is not significant. In general, film mulching is effective in saving water, preserving soil moisture, increasing soil surface temperature, shortening the potential growth period, and increasing the potential yield of maize.
关键词: film mulching growth stage leaf area index maize growth water and heat transfer
Experiment and optimal design of a collection device for a residual plastic film baler
Qi NIU,Xuegeng CHEN,Chao JI,Jie WU
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第2卷 第4期 页码 347-354 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015077
关键词: residual film collection device collection rate of residual film impurity of film package optimization baler
郭贤仕,柳燕兰,候慧芝,郭天文
《中国工程科学》 2012年 第14卷 第3期 页码 65-69
甘肃省地理跨度大,气候类型多种多样,旱地农业类型齐全,在长期的生产实践和科研活动中,把有效的传统抗旱办法与农田微集雨保墒工程、旱农耕作栽培技术、农业机械有机结合,创造了很多有区域特色的旱地农业技术。本文对甘肃省传统的砂田种植技术和旱地地膜小麦穴播技术、集雨农业技术体系进行简单回顾,对现阶段正在应用的主体创新旱农技术——全膜双垄沟播玉米、膜上覆土小麦种植技术体系的基本特点、抗旱增产机理及应用情况进行较详细的介绍。
Effects of mulching for water conservation on soil carbon, nitrogen and biological properties
Xiaomin PI, Tongxun ZHANG, Benhua SUN, Quanhong CUI, Yun GUO, Mingxia GAO, Hao FENG, David W. HOPKINS
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第4卷 第2期 页码 146-154 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017136
关键词: biomass carbon mulch nitrogen plastic films soil straw water storage
许咏梅, 房世杰, 马晓鹏, 朱倩倩
《中国工程科学》 2018年 第20卷 第5期 页码 96-102 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.015
本文在分析我国农用地膜覆盖面积与使用量逐年加大、使用区域由西部向东部急速扩张特征的基础上,探讨了残膜污染态势、残膜造成的土壤理化性质恶化程度以及生态环境恶化风险。从普通聚乙烯地膜降解难且产品质量标准不达标、地膜回收困难再利用效率低、可降解地膜工艺不成熟、尚无可替代产品以及地膜污染缺乏监管机制四个方面梳理了地膜污染的成因。在此基础上,提出了加强地膜标准化生产控制,严格执行地膜厚度≥0.01 mm 的国家标准;优化地膜田间科学合理使用,开展作物适时揭膜技术推广;改进提高残膜回收机效能,努力实现地膜零残留;加大可降解地膜研发力度,推广可降解地膜田间应用的农用地膜防治战略,为我国农用地膜合理利用提供参考。
Moving policy and regulation forward for single-use plastic alternatives
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1423-5
关键词: Single-use plastic alternatives Policy Regulation Sustainable development
Numerical simulation of liquid falling film on horizontal circular tubes
Fengdan SUN, Songlin XU, Yongchuan GAO
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第3期 页码 322-328 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1296-z
关键词: falling film horizontal tube flow characteristics film thickness liquid feeder height
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1666-4
● A global snapshot of plastic waste generation and disposal is analysed.
关键词: Plastic waste Farmlands Terrestrial ecosystem Marine life
Yifu ZHANG,Hongwen LI,Jin HE,Qingjie WANG,Ying CHEN,Wanzhi CHEN,Shaochun MA
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第3卷 第2期 页码 161-170 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016104
关键词: infiltration initial soil water content rainfall simulation soil loss straw mulching
郑颖人,孔亮
《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第11期 页码 21-36
分析了经典塑性力学用于岩土类材料的问题,它采用了3个不符合岩土材料变形机制的假设。从固体力学原理直接导出广义塑性位势理论,将经典塑性力学改造为更一般的塑性力学——广义塑性力学。广义塑性力学采用了塑性力学中的分量理论,能反映应力路径转折的影响,并避免了采用正交流动法则所引起的过大剪胀等不合理现象,也不会产生当前非关联流动法则中任意假定塑性势面引起的误差。给出了广义塑性力学的屈服面理论、硬化定律和应力-应变关系,并建立了考虑应力主轴旋转的广义塑性位势理论。屈服条件是状态参数,也是试验参数,只能由试验给出。应用表明,广义塑性力学可作为岩土材料的建模理论,还可应用于诸如极限分析等土力学的诸多领域,具有广阔的应用前景。
雒建斌,张朝辉,温诗铸
《中国工程科学》 2003年 第5卷 第7期 页码 84-89
薄膜润滑是20世纪90年代以来广泛研究的新型润滑状态。它是界于弹流润滑和边界润滑之间的一种过渡润滑状态,有着自己独特的润滑规律。文章回顾了薄膜润滑的研究历史,包括薄膜润滑概念的提出、测试技术的发展、薄膜润滑的膜厚特性、润滑机理探索以及计算理论等方面的研究成果与主要进展。
Thin-liquid-film evaporation at contact line
Hao WANG, Zhenai PAN, Zhao CHEN
《能源前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第2期 页码 141-151 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0020-2
关键词: meniscus thin film contact line disjoining pressure evaporation
《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第1期 页码 86-98 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0793-x
关键词: plastic concrete sulfate resistance natural zeolite triaxial compression test SEM permeability
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Quantification of pesticide residues on plastic mulching films in typical farmlands of the North China
Baoyuan Guo, Jiao Meng, Xinyu Wang, Chengnan Yin, Weiyu Hao, Baiwen Ma, Zhang Tao
期刊论文
Modeling water and heat transfer in soil-plant-atmosphere continuum applied to maize growth under plasticfilm mulching
Meng DUAN, Jin XIE, Xiaomin MAO
期刊论文
Experiment and optimal design of a collection device for a residual plastic film baler
Qi NIU,Xuegeng CHEN,Chao JI,Jie WU
期刊论文
Effects of mulching for water conservation on soil carbon, nitrogen and biological properties
Xiaomin PI, Tongxun ZHANG, Benhua SUN, Quanhong CUI, Yun GUO, Mingxia GAO, Hao FENG, David W. HOPKINS
期刊论文
Numerical simulation of liquid falling film on horizontal circular tubes
Fengdan SUN, Songlin XU, Yongchuan GAO
期刊论文
Current scenario and challenges of plastic pollution in Bangladesh: a focus on farmlands and terrestrial
期刊论文
Effect of mulching with maize straw on water infiltration and soil loss at different initial soil moistures
Yifu ZHANG,Hongwen LI,Jin HE,Qingjie WANG,Ying CHEN,Wanzhi CHEN,Shaochun MA
期刊论文